In order to become active citizens, schools and teachers have to give students opportunities in order to develop citizenship competences in diverse contexts (home, school, local community …). Allowing students to reflect and critically assess connections within these contexts can help them to take action related to national and global issues. Diverse interpretations of citizenship education exist across and within European members states. Due to its wide range of curricular objectives and diverse contexts in which it is taught and learned, citizenship education challenges teachers and schools to integrate it in the curriculum.
The main focus lies on a formative approach of assessment by making the learning process visible. The role of the teacher lies in setting clear goals and designing effective learning situations and classroom activities in order to achieve the citizenship competences. Furthermore, teachers can create opportunities for students to receive feedback that drives the learning process. It is important to activate students as instructional resources for one another (peer assessment) and to reflect on their own learning (self-assessment) within the formative framework of assessment.
